So, lose two electrons,Īnd when calcium loses two electrons, it becomes theĬalcium 2-plus cation. Turns out that calcium prefers to lose two electrons, as opposed to gaining a bunch. It did have a full octet, it would actually already haveĪ noble gas configuration, so it would either have krypton or argon and in this case, it So does calcium have a full octet? And we know that theseĪre the valence electrons and we also know that if So this is the noble gasĬonfiguration for calcium. See that we have our 4s electrons, and we have two of them. Over and we see that the noble gas is argon, so we write argon in our brackets, and then, what electrons are not in argon? So we move down and we Immediately preceding it, we go up a row and then To write the full electron configuration this time. So calcium is over here, and so, we're not going Through one more example and that will be calcium. Your valence electrons are and what kind they are, so that's helpful. So, writing your electron configuration this way, using noble gas notation, makes it really obvious where The other thing you might notice is that these other electrons here, that we wrote outside of the brackets, these are our valence electrons. And so we don't have to write that, we just write neon, and assume that whoever's reading it knows what the electronĬonfiguration for neon is. So if we compare these two ways of writing our electron configuration, you can see that these electrons right here, so everything up to 3s2 3p2, that gives us the electronĬonfiguration for neon. So we go down, and the electrons thatĪren't included in neon would be our 3s2 electrons, right here, and the 3p2 electrons. And then, the other electrons are the ones that come after neon. Preceding silicon, if we go up a row and then move over, we see that it's neon. And compare, so, the noble gas immediately So that's the electronĬonfiguration for silicon. These are our P electrons because they're in P orbitals, and then once we're through our 2p6 electrons, we go to 3s2 and we have two more electrons, so it's 3p2. The electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6, so as a reminder, theseĪre our S electrons because they're in S orbitals. We're going to talk about and write the configurationĬarbon in the Periodic Table, and we can write its fullĮlectron configuration, just for comparison, so if we start up here, with hydrogen, silicon has That a lot of chemistry, chemical reactions will be driven by other non-noble gases trying And so, since they have aįull octet, they're not very reactive, they have all of the electrons they want, and as a result, you will see in chemistry Why we call the noble gases noble, and that is because they have a full octet of electrons. So before we get started, I'm just going to remind you If you don't remember what that is, we'll go through a coupleĮxamples right now. That you normally write electron configurations in. Your other electrons using the same notation And you put that in bracketsĪnd then you write your other electrons, and you write Noble gas that comes right before it, so you go up a row, and you go over to here, where the noble gases live. Immediately preceding? That means we want the It is, you take the noble gas immediately preceding your atom or ion, so what do I mean by So the rule for writing the noble gas notation for something is pretty simple. The transition metals, right here, and the lanthanides, are a little bit more complicated, so we won't be doing that Going to be focusing on examples using main group elements. And to be more specific, in this video we're also Image of xenon headlights: going to be talking about how you can write electron configurations using noble gas notation. ![]() Wikipedia article on XeO 4: en./wiki/XeO4.Wikipedia article on XeF 6: en./wiki/XeF6.Wikipedia article on XeF 4: en./wiki/XeF4.Different applications for Different Noble Gases:.New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc., 2007. General Chemistry: Principles & Modern Applications, 9th Edition. "An Environmental Chemistry Experiment: The Determination of Radon Levels in Water." J. "Electronegativities of the Noble Gases." J. "Discovery of the noble gases and foundations of the theory of atomic structure." J. The mean velocity of a monatomic gas decreases with increasing molecular mass, and given the simplified heat capacity situation, noble gaseous thermal conductivity decreases with increasing molecular mass. Therefore at a given temperature, the heavier the atom, the more slowly its gaseous atoms move. RT\), where \(R\) is the universal gas constant and \(T\) is the absolute temperature.įor monatomic gases at a given temperature, the average kinetic energy due to translation is practically equal regardless of the element.
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